About 500 healthy people donate every year in Germany a kidney or part of the liver / parents often stand with their backs to the wall "
Frankfurter Rundschau, 8 January 2002, Author: Nicola Siegmund-Schultze
(...) living donor
boom since the early 70s in Germany kidneys from living donors. Until the early 90s, but the surgeons were about the health risk to the donor very reserved. Only about 2 percent of the transferred kidneys derived from healthy at that time. Today it is eight times: 346 of 2219, doctors have transplanted kidneys taken in 2000 healthy subjects. The reason for the living donor Boom: The organ donation from brain-dead has been stagnating for years, and the physician experience with living donation has increased, the performance good. Even with every tenth liver transplantation a healthy person has donated a portion of a patient. The liver regenerates itself within 12 months, not known to the kidney. However, coming from a healthy person with a kidney, because it has large reserves and "washes" the blood normally even with the "savings program. chemotherapy for cancer, for example - it is different if the remaining kidney illness or diseases of other organs exposed to particular stresses.
The donor can thus hurt themselves in the living donation, with all the medical risks inherent in an operation to have no benefit for themselves - a unique process in medicine. The health benefit the beneficiary. Most organ donors have revealed cases studies, their resolve spontaneously, because they want to help other people. Yet in Germany is not without controversy, how much the living donation should be encouraged. Because they can - apart from health risks - also impact adversely on family relationships. Therefore, it allows the legislature only when no suitable organ from a brain dead is available. Donors and recipients must in "special personal relationship" close to, the donation must be voluntary, and organs must be excluded. While personal bond and a ban on trade in organs for donation from mother or father of the child are undoubtedly most, it is voluntary in the family is often a problem. "The families know that after a successful kidney transplantation in the physical and mental condition of the patient usually improves considerably," says the psychologist E. Reichwald-Klugger of the University Children's Hospital. "And parents often stand with their backs to the wall." Mostly they spend much time at the bedside of the child. It adds that the social Expectations for the willingness to make sacrifices of parents, especially mothers, is hard to beat. Of the live-organ donors - whether for their own children, other blood relatives or spouses - two thirds are women. Reichwald-Klugger sees a role in organ-giving parents, above all, to help them cope with their problems.
So they have to an organ inside forever to say goodbye to her body. Attempts of donors, with tips for the health of the recipient to provide for "his" kidney may charge the recipient so much. He felt obliged constantly to gratitude, while he has never been with an appropriate gift could return the favor. In any case, have children who receive an organ from their parents, often more problems than other young adults to move away from home.
A balancing act
But even if people see great moral obligation to donate an organ, does not contradict this essential principle of voluntariness, unless they can foresee the consequences of their actions, the overwhelming majority of ethicists is this country . Even some relationship imbalances and roles, as common in our society are common, it was necessary to accept. But the living donor of an organ is acceptable if the donor kitten so obviously a relationship would wear a debt or prevent a bad conscience? Or if the "good deed" is to serve the donor as "antidepressant" because it adds value? Is it acceptable to children if their parents donate to an institution and as you might be preferred later in the heritage?
physicians and psychologists are divided on these issues, as happened recently on the anniversary of the German Transplant Society in Heidelberg has become clear. On the one hand, it is to respect the autonomy and privacy of potential donors and recipients in the study, on the other hand, physicians and psychologists recognize situations that threaten a good, long-term course of the operation can. Specific recommendations for German hospitals, as this balancing act to master, does not yet exist. And so they proceed with different methods and decide on different criteria. "Some potential donors and recipients have the motto eyes and go," says the psychologist, Jochen Jordan of the University Hospital in Frankfurt. "If someone with such a far-reaching decision, no ambivalence, it may be not well informed. And if you experience after surgery, complications, organ rejection or infection, for example, can handle it this bad, if one has not been discussed in distress or negative consequences . by the legislator living donor committees (...) Examine whether the decision was voluntary and the donor organ trade is excluded. But they also bring to their tasks differently, partly because the implementing regulations of the countries to the transplant law differ. (...)
to business: risk living donor
The risk of dying in living donation is small but not zero. Most centers assume a mortality risk of one per thousand. Not all the deaths have been reported in the past. In Germany, a man died who had donated a kidney to his daughter. Cause of death was bleeding from the abdominal aorta as a result of a wound infection. connect at 3-7% of kidney donors is not deadly but relatively severe complications, such as bleeding during the operation, which make a blood transfusion necessary Splenic or with removal of the organ. Occasionally there is bleeding or persistent urinary tract infections to embolism rare. 8-11% of the donors complain of persistent wound pain or other symptoms that make them worried. (...) Living donors live longer than the average population because they have to be in better health in order to qualify as a donor in question.
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